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BACKGROUND@#Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy (IgAN) is one of an important cause of progressive kidney disease and occurs when IgA settles in the kidney resulted in disrupts kidney’s ability to filter waste and excess water.Hydrogels are promising material for medical applications owing to their excellent adaptability and filling ability. Herein, we proposed a hyaluronic acid/gelatin (CHO-HA/Gel-NH2 ) bioactive hydrogel as a cell carrier for therapeutic kidney regeneration in IgAN. @*METHODS@#CHO-HA/Gel-NH2 hydrogel was fabricated by Schiff-base reaction without any additional crosslinking agents. The hydrogel concentrations and ratios were evaluated to enhance adequate mechanical properties and biocompatibility for further in vivo study. High serum IgA ddY mice kidneys were treated with human urine-derived renal progenitor cells encapsulated in the hydrogel to investigate the improvement of IgA nephropathy and kidney regeneration. @*RESULTS@#The stiffness of the hydrogel was significantly enhanced and could be modulated by altering the concentrations and ratios of hydrogel. CHO-HA/Gel-NH2 at a ratio of 3/7 provided a promising milieu for cells viability and cells proliferation. From week four onwards, there was a significant reduction in blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine level in Cell/Gel group, as well as well-organized glomeruli and tubules. Moreover, the expression of pro-inflammatory and profibrotic molecules significantly decreased in the Gel/Cell group, whereas anti-inflammatory gene expression was elevated compared to the Cell group. @*CONCLUSION@#Based on in vivo studies, the renal regenerative ability of the progenitor cells could be further increased by this hydrogel system.
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BACKGROUND@#Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy (IgAN) is one of an important cause of progressive kidney disease and occurs when IgA settles in the kidney resulted in disrupts kidney’s ability to filter waste and excess water.Hydrogels are promising material for medical applications owing to their excellent adaptability and filling ability. Herein, we proposed a hyaluronic acid/gelatin (CHO-HA/Gel-NH2 ) bioactive hydrogel as a cell carrier for therapeutic kidney regeneration in IgAN. @*METHODS@#CHO-HA/Gel-NH2 hydrogel was fabricated by Schiff-base reaction without any additional crosslinking agents. The hydrogel concentrations and ratios were evaluated to enhance adequate mechanical properties and biocompatibility for further in vivo study. High serum IgA ddY mice kidneys were treated with human urine-derived renal progenitor cells encapsulated in the hydrogel to investigate the improvement of IgA nephropathy and kidney regeneration. @*RESULTS@#The stiffness of the hydrogel was significantly enhanced and could be modulated by altering the concentrations and ratios of hydrogel. CHO-HA/Gel-NH2 at a ratio of 3/7 provided a promising milieu for cells viability and cells proliferation. From week four onwards, there was a significant reduction in blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine level in Cell/Gel group, as well as well-organized glomeruli and tubules. Moreover, the expression of pro-inflammatory and profibrotic molecules significantly decreased in the Gel/Cell group, whereas anti-inflammatory gene expression was elevated compared to the Cell group. @*CONCLUSION@#Based on in vivo studies, the renal regenerative ability of the progenitor cells could be further increased by this hydrogel system.
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Objective:To explore the effect of vocal training based on International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and International Classification of Health Interventions (ICHI) on vocal function after vocal cord polyps. Methods:A framework of rehabilitation was developed with joint use of ICF and ICHI. From January, 2017 to December, 2018, 30 patients with vocal cord polyps and vocal dysfunction post operation were sampled. They accepted the therapy for a month, and assessed with Grade, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia and Strain scale (GRBAS), and measured acoustic parameters before and after operation, and after training, respectively. Results:The scores of GRBAS decreased after training, compared with those both before and after operation (F > 6.214, P < 0.05), as well as the acoustic parameters of fundamental frequency, fundamental frequency perturbation, normalized noise energy and amplitude perturbation (F > 9.655, P < 0.05). Conclusion:Vocal training based on ICF and ICHI is effective on vocal function after operation for vocal cord polyps.
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BACKGROUND@#Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as erlotinib and gefitinib, are widely used to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, acquired resistance is unavoidable, impairing the anti-tumor effects of EGFR-TKIs. It is reported that histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors could enhance the anti-tumor effects of other antineoplastic agents and radiotherapy. However, whether the HDAC inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) can overcome erlotinib-acquired resistance is not fully clear.@*METHODS@#An erlotinib-resistant PC-9/ER cell line was established through cell maintenance in a series of erlotinib-containing cultures. NSCLC cells were co-cultured with SAHA, erlotinib, or their combination, and then the viability of cells was measured by the 3-(4,5-Dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay and apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry and western blotting. Finally, the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) was assessed by western blotting.@*RESULTS@#The half-maximal inhibitory concentration of parental PC-9 cells was significantly lower than the established erlotinib-acquired resistant PC-9/ER cell line. PC-9/ER cells demonstrated reduced expression of PTEN compared with PC-9 and H1975 cells, and the combination of SAHA and erlotinib significantly inhibited cell growth and increased apoptosis in both PC-9/ER and H1975 cells. Furthermore, treating PC-9/ER cells with SAHA or SAHA combined with erlotinib significantly upregulated the expression of PTEN mRNA and protein compared with erlotinib treatment alone.@*CONCLUSIONS@#PTEN deletion is closely related to acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs, and treatment with the combination of SAHA and erlotinib showed a greater inhibitory effect on NSCLC cells than single-drug therapy. SAHA enhances the suppressive effects of erlotinib in lung cancer cells, increasing cellular apoptosis and PTEN expression. SAHA can be a potential adjuvant to erlotinib treatment, and thus, can improve the efficacy of NSCLC therapy.
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Objective:To investigate the prevalence of dysphagia in old people in nursing homes in Ningbo and analyze its related factors. Methods:From August, 2017 to April, 2018, 997 people aged 60 or above were selected from eight nursing homes in four districts in Ningbo. They were investigated with general questionnaire, Kubota water swallowing test, body mass index (BMI) and Quality of Life Index (QLI), and the data were analyzed with Logistic regression. Results:There were 259 (25.98%) persons with dysphagia. Age, male, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease, stroke and fracture were risk factors for dysphagia (P < 0.01). There were 19.2% with low BMI in total, and 63.3% for dysphagia. The total score of QLI decreased with age (F = 18.706, P < 0.001), more in males than in females (t = 2.516, P = 0.012), and less in those with dysphagia than with normal swallowing (t = 7.176, P < 0.001). Conclusion:Dysphagia is prevalent in the old people in nursing homes in Ningbo, which needs early intervention.
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Ziziphi Spinosae Semen is one of the Chinese herbal medicine being susceptible to aflatoxins contamination. To investigate the sources of aflatoxins contamination and toxigenic fungi species on Ziziphi Spinosae Semen,32 samples were collected from multiple steps during the post-harvest processing in this study. Aflatoxins in these samples were determined by immunoaffinity column and HPLC coupled with post-column photochemical derivatization. The dilution-plate method was applied to the fungi isolation. The isolated fungi strains were identified by morphological characterization and molecular approaches. The results showed that aflatoxins were detected in 28 samples from every step during the processing of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen. Three samples were detected with aflatoxin B_1 and 2 samples with both aflatoxin B_1 and total aflatoxin exceeding the limit of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Especially the samples from the washing step,with the highest detected amounts of AFB_1 and AFs were reached 94. 79,121. 43 μg·kg~(-1),respectively. All 32 samples were contaminated by fungi. The fungal counts on the newly harvested samples were 2. 20 × 10~2 CFU·g~(-1). Moreover,it increased as tphreocessing progresses,and achieved 1. 16×10~6 CFU·g~(-1) after washing. A total of 321 isolates were identified to 17 genera. Aspergillus flavus was the main source of aflatoxins during the processing and storage of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen. One isolate of A. flavus was confirmed producing AFB_1 and AFB_2. The fungal count was significantly increased by composting,and Aspergillus was the predominant genus after shell breaking. The contamination level of aflatoxins was increased by composting and washing.
Subject(s)
Aflatoxins , Aspergillus , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Fungi , Seeds , Chemistry , Microbiology , Ziziphus , ChemistryABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the clinical efficacy of nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) and heated humidified high flow nasal cannula (HHHFNC) in the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) among very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 89 very low birth weight premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) who were randomly administered with NIPPV (n=46) and HHHFNC (n=43) as an initial respiratory support. The incidence of initial treatment failure, the usage of pulmonary surfactant (PS), the parameters of respiratory support treatment and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were no significant differences between the NIPPV and HHHFNC groups in the following items: the rate of intubation within 72 hours, rate of PS use, duration of invasive or non-invasive mechanical ventilation, duration of oxygen therapy, and incidence rates of severe apnea and pneumonia (P>0.05). There were also no significant differences in the incidence rates of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, retinopathy of prematurity, patent ductus arteriosus, intracranial hemorrhage, and air leak between the two group (P>0.05). The incidence rate of nose injury in the NIPPV group was higher than that in the HHHFNC group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>As an initial respiratory support for very low birth weight preterm infants with RDS, HHHFNC has a similar clinical effect as NIPPV, suggesting that HHHFNC is a safe and effective clinical option as a non-invasive ventilation treatment.</p>
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Objective To identify a strain screen which utilize dibutyl phthalate (DBP) as the sole carbon source and to explore the optimal conditions for the degradation of DBP. Methods The solid leachate was inoculated in minimal salt medium (MSM) supplemented with DBP as the sole carbon and energy source to isolate the targeted strain. The strain was identified through colony phenotype, transmission electron microscope and 16SrDNA gene sequence analysis. The targeted strain was inoculated to the above medium with different pH and temperature. The optimal temperature and pH of the microbial degradation of DBP were studied with determination of the DBP residue and bacterial biomass. Results One bacterial strain named L6 was isolated from the solid with adding DBP as the sole carbon source. Based on its morphology, physiochemical characteristics, and 16SrDNA sequence, the strain was identified as Methylobacterium sp. The optimal pH and temperature for its biodegradation activities were 7 and 30℃, respectively. The targeted strain could degrade 85% of 800 mg/L DBP within 120 hours. Conclusion Based on the high removal rate, the isolated Methylobacterium sp. L6 has a potential for bioremediation technology of DBP pollution.
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Objective To find the seed cells for replacing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) to treat bone defects by compared the capacity of osteogenesis from the BMSCs, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells(UC-MSCs) and human placental mesenchymal stem cells(P-MSCs). Methods Three MSCs were cultured in DMEM/Ham's F-12 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum,cell proliferation curve was drawn by CCK8 detec-ted,and the cell surface antigens were measured using flow cytometry. Osteogenic ability was confirmed by the al-kaline phosphatase(ALP) staining,alizarin red staining. To further explore the difference in organic components, their underlying genotypes and proteins, including RUNX2, ALP and osteocalcin(OCN), were analyzed by RT-qPCR and Western blot. Results Cell growth curve analysis indicated that three MSCs were in the exponential stage at 3 days following incubation. Flow cytometry analysis showed that more than 98% cells were positive for CD44, CD90 and CD105. ALP and Alizarin red staining displayed that three MSCs presented good mineralizationg ability by osteogenesis induced medium. RT-qPCR and Western blot showed that the three MSCs experiment group higher expression levels of osteogenic markers including RUNX2, ALP and OCN during the initial 9 and 18 days when compared with control(P<0.05). Conclusions UC-MSCs and P-MSCs have good osteogenic ability, which may function as a potential bone tissue engineering seed cells for the treatment of bone defects.
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Objective To find the seed cells for replacing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) to treat bone defects by compared the capacity of osteogenesis from the BMSCs, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells(UC-MSCs) and human placental mesenchymal stem cells(P-MSCs). Methods Three MSCs were cultured in DMEM/Ham's F-12 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum,cell proliferation curve was drawn by CCK8 detec-ted,and the cell surface antigens were measured using flow cytometry. Osteogenic ability was confirmed by the al-kaline phosphatase(ALP) staining,alizarin red staining. To further explore the difference in organic components, their underlying genotypes and proteins, including RUNX2, ALP and osteocalcin(OCN), were analyzed by RT-qPCR and Western blot. Results Cell growth curve analysis indicated that three MSCs were in the exponential stage at 3 days following incubation. Flow cytometry analysis showed that more than 98% cells were positive for CD44, CD90 and CD105. ALP and Alizarin red staining displayed that three MSCs presented good mineralizationg ability by osteogenesis induced medium. RT-qPCR and Western blot showed that the three MSCs experiment group higher expression levels of osteogenic markers including RUNX2, ALP and OCN during the initial 9 and 18 days when compared with control(P<0.05). Conclusions UC-MSCs and P-MSCs have good osteogenic ability, which may function as a potential bone tissue engineering seed cells for the treatment of bone defects.
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We assessed the incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) with anti-TB medications and evaluated the risk factors for developing ADRs in previously treated tuberculosis patients in China. All patients received the first-line anti-TB regimen (2HREZS/6HRE) as recommended by the national guidelines. Clinical and laboratory evaluations were performed once a month. Out of the 354 participants, 262 (74.0%) experienced ADRs such as hyperuricemia (65.0%, 230/354), hepatotoxicity (6.2%, 22/354) and hearing disturbances (4.8%, 17/354). ADRs were significantly associated with diabetes mellitus [OR (95% CI): 15.5 (2.07-115.87)]; however, weight more than 50 kg [OR (95% CI): 0.41 (0.22-0.85)] was a protective factor for occurrence of ADRs. Hyperuricemia is the most common adverse event but, most patients with hyperuricemia showed increased tolerance for high uric acid levels. Low body weight and diabetes mellitus increased the risk of the occurrence of ADRs during anti-TB treatment.
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Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Antitubercular Agents , Therapeutic Uses , Diabetes Mellitus , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary , Drug Therapy , EpidemiologyABSTRACT
Pituitary adenomas (PAs) are well known as a common intracranial benign tumor, and a portion of PAs are refractory to current therapeutic methods. ErbB receptors family signaling pathway regulates the expression of PAs activation associated gene. Inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) can inhibit proliferation of PAs. Leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains protein 1 ( LRIG1), a negative mediated gene of ErbB receptors family, plays a role in many tumors. However, there are seldom researches about the functional role of LRIG1 in PAs. The aim of this study is to explore the potential effect of LRIG1 and its regulating mechanism in PAs. First, we investigated the role of LRIG1 in cell migration, invasion of PAs with transfected LRIG1 or control. Then, we explored its impact on cell proliferation and apoptosis of PAs in vivo. To study the regulating mechanism of LRIG1, we examined the expression of molecular factor of PI3K/AKT and Ras/Raf/ERK pathway using Western blotting in vitro and RT-PCR in vitro and in vivo. It was found that LRIG1 over-expression inhibited cell migration, invasion and proliferation, and promoted apoptosis of PAs in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, LRIG1 suppressed the expression of signaling of PI3K/AKT and Ras/Raf/ERK pathways in PAs. LRIG1, as a negative mediated gene of tumor, can inhibit biological function of PAs via inhibiting PI3K/AKT and Ras/Raf/ERK pathways, and it might be a new target for gene therapy of PAs.
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Animals , Female , Humans , Mice , Apoptosis , Genetics , Brain Neoplasms , Genetics , Pathology , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Movement , Genetics , Cell Proliferation , Genetics , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , MAP Kinase Signaling System , Genetics , Membrane Glycoproteins , Genetics , Oncogene Protein v-akt , Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases , Genetics , Pituitary Neoplasms , Genetics , Pathology , Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays , raf Kinases , GeneticsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the differences of clinical efficacy between heated humidified high-flow nasal cannula (HHHFNC) ventilation and nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) in the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 66 VLBW infants who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit were diagnosed with RDS, and they were randomly assigned to HHHFNC group and NCPAP group after receiving treatment with porcine pulmonary surfactant and conventional treatment. The changes in clinical symptoms and the incidence of complications were observed in the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The HHHFN group had significantly earlier first milk feeding and full enteral feeding, significantly shorter oxygen exposure time and invasive ventilation time, and significantly lower incidences of second intubation within 7 days, nasal injury, air leak, and abdominal distention, as compared with the NCPAP group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Compared with NCPAP, HHHFNC causes slighter injury and has better tolerability, and it can be considered as the first choice of noninvasive ventilation in the treatment of RDS in VLBW infants.</p>
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Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Continuous Positive Airway Pressure , Methods , Infant, Very Low Birth Weight , Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn , TherapeuticsABSTRACT
Ginsenosides are the abundant secondary metabolites in American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium), it could be released into soil through root exudation and decomposition during plant growth. This study determined ginsenoside contents in American ginseng cultivated soil by HPLC. Three ginsenosides, Rb1, Rb2 and Rd, were detected in the rhizosphere soil of 3-4 years old American ginseng cultivated in Huairou District, Beijing, and their contents were 0.80-3.19 mg x kg(-1). Correspondingly, the contents of the three ginsenosides in soil solution were 4-16 mg x L(-1) at field water-holding capacity of 20%. According to the field soil test data, we designed the concentration of ginsenosides for bioassays (0.2-125 mg x L(-1) in solution or 0.2-125 mg x kg(-1) in soil). The results showed that radicle lengths of American ginseng were reduced by 6%-23% in solution containing 0.2-125 mg x L(-1) ginsenoside extract, and a significant difference was observed at concentration of 125 mg x L(-1) (P < 0.05). The shoot lengths of American ginseng were not significantly inhibited by 0.2-125 mg x L(-1) ginsenosides extractions. After 20 days of growth in nutrient solution amended with 25 mg x L(-1) ginsenosides extraction, plant height of 3-year-old American ginseng seedling was decreased by 28% compared to the control, and the biomass of aerial parts was also reduced by 50% (P < 0.05). However, the growth of newly-grown fibrous root was not significantly inhibited. Comparatively, when American ginseng embryos were cultivated into sterile or non-sterile soil, neither radicle lengths nor shoot lengths were significantly affected by 0.2-125 mg x kg(-1) ginsenoside extracts. In conclusion, ginsenosides showed autotoxic effect on growth of American ginseng radicle and adult seedling, however, this effect was weakened in field soil.
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Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Culture Media , Chemistry , Metabolism , Ginsenosides , Metabolism , Toxicity , Panax , Chemistry , Metabolism , Plant Roots , Chemistry , Metabolism , Soil , ChemistryABSTRACT
Six kinds of saponins (I, II, VII, PA, H) content of 22 samples of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis collected from different regions of Yunnan province were determined by HPLC, data was analyzed by SPSS 17. The results showed that the effect of altitude on saponin content was not significant, and the effect of growth area of saponins in P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis was significant, saponin content in sample from west Yunnan was significantly higher than that of samples from other regions.
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Altitude , China , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Liliaceae , Chemistry , SaponinsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the fungal composition in Massa Medicata Fermentata based on culture dependent method and independent PCR-SSCP technique.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Fungi were directly isolated from Massa Medicata Fermentata samples. The obtained strains were identified according to morphology and DNA sequence. Meanwhile the total fungal DNA was extracted from Massa Medicata Fermentata samples, the cultural independent PCR-SSCP technique based on β-tubulin gene were used to identify the mycobiota.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>According to cultural method, Aspergillus flavus and Rhizopus oryzae were present in Massa Medicata Fermentata samples, while A. flavus and A. niger were present in fried Massa Medicata Fermentata samples. In contrast, 5 species were obtained by PCR-SSCP technique, A. flavus was overlapped with fungal taxa derived from culture dependent method; A. ambiguu and A. s ivoriensis were dominant with relative abundance of 57% and 35% respectively, while the relative abundance of A. flavus was as low as 4%. None species was obtained from fried Massa Medicata Fermentata samples.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PCR-SSCP based on β-tubulin gene could distinguish fungi into species, culture dependent method combined with culture independent method could better understand the fungal composition associated with Massa Medicata Fermentata fermentation.</p>
Subject(s)
Fermentation , Fungi , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Methods , Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational , Tubulin , GeneticsABSTRACT
Artificial cultivation medical Dendrobium flourished quickly and gradually developed in a streamlined production in large scale in Zhejiang, Yunnan, Anhui, Guizhou et al provinces in recent years. As the growing years being extended and area expanded, plant disease is a growing issue and became even worse. In the current review, we summarized the available studies and the investigation in those areas on disease kinds, regular patterns, area specificity, and prevention solutions and so on. We elucidated the limitations of plant disease on medical Dendrobium planting industry development, and provided some suggestions in prevention strategy depending on the occurrence characteristics and epidemic factors. Strengthening basic research, appropriate field management and reasonable utilization of pesticide are the key part of disease integrated management
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Agriculture , Dendrobium , Chemistry , Microbiology , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Plant Diseases , MicrobiologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the effects of continuous cropping and soil treatment on rhizosphere fungal community of Panax quinquefolium, and the correlation between rhizosphere fungal community and growth of P. quinquefolium.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Field plot trail of continuous cultivated P. quinquefolium was conducted, meanwhile continuous cropping soil was treated by organic carbon fertilizer plus methylene dithiocyanate and Kingbo respectively. The rate of seedling survival, root disease index and root weight were investigated. Dilution plating was used to analyze the rhizosphere fungal community, multiple comparisons including H, M(a) and J were performed between rhizosphere fungal community and growth of P. quinquefolium.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>As to P. quinquefolium planted in continuous soil, the rate of seedling survival, root weight decreased, root disease index increased remarkably (P<0.05). Meanwhile the fungal counts decreased 50% -63% , the diversity index (H') decreased 39%-43%, while the ratio of Penicillium and Aspergillus increased. There was a significant negative correlation between rhizosphere fungal diversity and P. quinquefolium root disease index (r = -0.970, P=0.006). Organic carbon fertilizer plus methylene dithiocyanate treatment could improve the rate of seedling survival and root weight, and could partly increase the rhizosphere fungal diversity.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In continuous cropping soil of P. quinquefolium, the rhizosphere fungal counts and diversity index decreased, meanwhile the fungal community composition changed. Organic carbon fertilizer plus methylene dithiocyanate treatment could improve the growth of continuous cultivated P. quinquefolium.</p>
Subject(s)
Agriculture , Methods , Biodiversity , Fertilizers , Fungi , Classification , Panax , Microbiology , Plant Diseases , Microbiology , Plant Roots , Microbiology , Rhizosphere , Soil MicrobiologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the efficacy of nasal synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (nSIMV) and nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty preterm infants with RDS who received pulmonary surfactant were randomized to nSIMV and nCPAP groups after extubation. Clinical signs, symptoms and blood gas results following nSIMV or nCPAP were compared in the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the nCPAP group, the nSIMV group had a lower incidence of failure respiratory support (24% vs 60%; P<0.05), a lower incidence of hypercarbonia (12% vs 40%; P<0.05) and a lower incidence of hypoxia (24% vs 36%; P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>nSIMV is more effective in respiratory support in preterm infants with RDS.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Continuous Positive Airway Pressure , Methods , Infant, Premature , Intermittent Positive-Pressure Ventilation , Methods , Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn , TherapeuticsABSTRACT
AIM: To investigate the postoperative changes of binocular visual function in patients with congenital superior oblique palsy.METHODS: Eye position and binocular visual function were examined in 28 patients with congenital superior oblique palsy pre- and post-operatively. The results were statistically analyzed.RESULTS: The normal eye position rate after operation was 89.3%. There were 9 patients who gained simultaneous perception after operation, while 13 patients gained fusion as many as that gained stereoacuity. There was statistically significant difference between postoperative and preoperative eyes (P<0.05). Near stereoacuity was improved after operation. Patients who had better visual acuity and low strabismus degrees as well as fusion had a better recovery.CONCLUSION: The operation could improve the eye position and rebuild the binocular visual function of the congenital superior oblique palsy. The recovery of binocular visual function was related to visual acuity and strabismus degrees of the patients and whether they had fusion function.